A. ACTIVE VOICE DAN PASSIVE VOICE
1. Active Voice (Kalimat Aktif)
Yaitu kalimat dimana subjek kalimat melakukan
pekerjaan
Contoh :
|
Aktif
|
Subject
|
Verb
|
Object
|
|
Barli
|
Buys
|
a magazine.
|
|
|
Barli
|
membeli
|
sebuah majalah.
|
2. Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif)
Yaitu kalimat dimana subjeknya dikenai suatu
pekerjaan.
Contoh :
|
Pasif
|
Subject
|
Verb
|
Object
|
|
A magazine
|
is bought
|
by Barli.
|
|
|
Sebuah majalah
|
Dibeli
|
oleh Barli
|
Jika kita membandingkan susunan kedua kalimat di atas, objek
yang ada dalam kalimat aktif diubah menjadi subjek dari kalimat pasif. Hal
itu juga tampak dalam susunan kalimat di bawah ini :
|
Subject
|
Verb
|
Object
|
|
|
Aktif
|
Everybody
|
Drink
|
Orange juice.
|
|
Pasif
|
Orange juice
|
is drunk
|
by everybody.
|
B. STRUKTUR PASSIVE VOICE
Secara umum, susunan kalimat pasif
adalah :
|
S + To Be + V3
|
Namun, bentuk waktu "to be" tersebut
harus disesuaikan dengan tensesnya, perhatikan tabel berikut :
|
TENSES
|
AKTIF
|
PASIF
|
|
|
Simple
|
Present
|
S + V1
He washes it.
|
S + to be 1 + V3
It is washed.
|
|
Past
|
S + V2
He washed it.
|
S + to be 2 + V3
It was washed.
|
|
|
Future
|
S + will + V1
He will wash it.
|
S + will be + V3
It will be washed.
|
|
|
Past Future
|
S + would + V1
He would wash it.
|
S + would be + V3
It would be washed.
|
|
|
TENSES
|
AKTIF
|
PASIF
|
|
|
Continuous
|
Present
|
S + to be 1 + V-ing
He is washing it.
|
S + To Be 1 + being + V3
It is being washed.
|
|
Past
|
S + had + V3
He had washed it.
|
S + had been + V3
It had been washed.
|
|
|
Future
|
S + will have + V3
He will have washed it.
|
S + will + being + V3
It will be being washed.
|
|
|
Past Future
|
S + would + be + V-ing
He would be washing it.
|
S + would be being + V3
It would be being washed.
|
|
|
TENSES
|
AKTIF
|
PASIF
|
|
|
Perfect Simple
|
Present
|
S +has/have + V3
He has washed it.
|
S + has/have been + V3
It has been washed.
|
|
Past
|
S + had + V3
He had washed it.
|
S + had been + V3
It had been washed.
|
|
|
Future
|
S + will have + V3
He will have washed it.
|
S + will have been + V3
It will have been washed.
|
|
|
Past Future
|
S + would + have + V3
He would have washed.
|
S + would have been + V3
It would have been washed.
|
|
|
TENSES
|
AKTIF
|
PASIF
|
|
|
Perfect
Continuous
|
Present
|
S + has been + V-ing
He has been washing it.
|
S + has been being + V3
It has been being washed.
|
|
Past
|
S + had beePn + V-ing
He had been washig it.
|
S + had been being + V3
It had been being washed.
|
|
|
Future
|
S + will have been + V-ing
He will have been washing it.
|
S + will have been being + V3
It will have been being washed.
|
|
|
Past Future
|
S + would have been + V-ing
He would have been washing it.
|
S + would have been being + V3
It would have been being washed.
|
|
C. MENGUBAH KALIMAT AKTIF MENJADI KALIMAT PASIF
Jika kita ingin mengubah kalimat aktif
menjadi kalimat pasif, kita dapat melakukannya dengan mengubah objek kalimat
aktifnya menjadi subjek kalimat pasif.
AKTIF = S + V + O
/
/
/
PASIF = S + To Be + V3
Ket : Objek pada kalimat aktif akan berubah menjadi subjek
pada kalimat pasif.
Contoh 1 :
Aktif :
- Julie writes a letter to her friend.
(Julie menulis sebuah surat untuk temannya.)
Pasif :
- A letter to her friend is written by Julie.
(Sebuah surat untuk temannya ditulis oleh Julie.)
Contoh 2 :
Aktif :
- The postman will send the letters today.
(Pak Pos akan mengirim surat-surat hari ini.)
Pasif :
- The letters will be sent by the postman today.
(Surat-surat akan dikirim oleh Pak Pos hari ini.)
